Mogao (China)

One of the most important spiritual hubs on the Silk Road, where, from the 4th Century onwards, monastic communities built more than 400 Buddhist temples. Over 18 monasterys and 1,400 monks have inhabited these lands, not to mention a plethora of artists, calligraphers and translators. The local caves were abandoned in the 14th Century, following the fall of the Yuan Dynasty and were discovered by 20th Century explorers. Today, 20 are open to the public. Here you'll find Buddhist art at its best including two giant Buddhas that stand 34m and 26m high.